To lower energy usage and improve a building's efficiency, it's important to begin by assessing how energy is distributed throughout the facility. A 2018 report from the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) found that the primary consumers of energy in buildings are mechanical systems, including heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), lighting, and vertical transportation. In particular, cooling systems can use up to 60% of the total energy, while ventilation systems typically account for around 10%.
Within HVAC systems, various components such as pumps and fans contribute to energy use, with fans alone consuming up to 35% of the HVAC energy budget. Therefore, enhancing the efficiency of HVAC systems is a crucial approach to reducing overall energy consumption in buildings.
Systems such as air handling units (AHUs), condensers, cooling towers, and fan coil units work collectively to provide cooling and ventilation. A unifying factor among these systems is their reliance on fans to circulate air. In many older buildings in Singapore, these fans still operate using traditional Alternating Current (AC) motors. Replacing these conventional AC fans with more advanced Electronically Commutated (EC) fans offers a highly effective means of cutting energy consumption.
Sources: BCA and NCCS